Volatile compounds as indicators of terroir differentiation in Moldovan Feteasca Neagra wines
Abstract
This study examined volatile compounds in Feteasca Neagra wines from seven vineyards across three PGI regions in Moldova using GC-IMS. 33 volatile compounds were identified, including terpinolene (202.74-480.18 μg/L), typically abundant in white aromatic grapes but less common in red varieties. LDA revealed strong regional differentiation, confirming unique chemical fingerprints among vineyard sites. OAV analysis identified 15 key volatile compounds influencing sensory attributes, while PLSR examined the impact of terroir factors. Regression models for dimethyl sulfide (DMS, R2 = 0.97, p = 0.0009) and terpinolene (R2 = 0.87, p = 0.01636) showed that terroir affects the aroma profile of Feteasca Neagra wine in Moldova. DMS levels were significantly lower at higher altitudes (p < 0.01). Additionally, the interaction between altitude and heat index (p < 0.01) suggests that a high heat index at high altitudes promotes DMS precursor accumulation. Terpinolene had a significant negative correlation with the average minimum temperature during the ripening period. These findings provide insights into terroir’s influence on the volatile composition of Fetească Neagră wines, supporting site-specific factors’ role in shaping wine aroma and regional identity.
DOI:
Publication date: 22/09/2025
Issue: 46th World Congress of Vine and Wine
Type: Short communication
Authors
1 Technical University of Moldova, bd. Stefan Voda 168, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
2 Departement R&D+I, Purcari Wineries Group, str. Calea Iesilor, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
3 Center of International Cooperation Service, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, People’s Republic of China